Jaws is a 1975 American thriller film directed by Steven Spielberg, based on the 1974 novel by Peter Benchley. It stars Roy Scheider as police chief Martin Brody who, with the help of a marine biologist (Richard Dreyfuss) and a professional shark hunter (Robert Shaw), hunts a man-eating great white shark that is attacking beachgoers at a summer resort town. Murray Hamilton plays the mayor, and Lorraine Gary portrays Brody’s wife....

A U.S. Marine exhibits the thousand-yard stare after two days of constant fighting in the Battle of Eniwetok, 1944 The United States Marine Corps Private Theodore James Miller assigned to the 22nd Marine Independent Regiment returns to Coast Guard-manned attack transport USS Arthur Middleton (APA-25) at 1400 hours after two days of combat on Engebi. Engebi was the first of the Eniwetok Atoll to be invaded by American forces. The capture of Eniwetok would provide an airfield and harbor to support attacks on the Mariana Islands to the northwest....

B-25 Mitchell skip-bombs a Japanese Kaibokan escort ship, April 6, 1945. B-25 Mitchell, nicknamed Ruthless Ruth , pulls up after making a skip-bombing run on Japanese coastal defense vessel No. 134. The plane was flown by USAAF Lieutenant Louie A. Mikell of the 499th Bomb Squadron ( Bats Outa Hell ), part of the 5th Air Force. Japanese convoy HOMO-03 left Hong Kong en route to Shanghai, consisting of subchasers CH-9 and CH-20, destroyer Amatsukaze, Kaibokan (escort destroyers) Coastal Defense Vessels No....

Antarctica, 1961: Dr. Leonid Rogozov has to remove his own appendix. Leonid Rogozov was a Soviet general practitioner who took part in the sixth Soviet Antarctic Expedition in 1960–1961. He was the only doctor stationed at the Novolazarevskaya Station and, while there, developed appendicitis, which meant he had to perform an appendectomy on himself, a famous case of self-surgery. In 1961, Rogozov was stationed at a newly constructed Russian base in Antarctica....

This 1917 field portrait depicts four soldiers wearing heavy fleece coats, steel helmets, and late model gas masks. The bitter 1917 winter was the coldest in living memory for soldiers on both sides of the front. Soldiers suffered from frostbite and exposure, causing them to lose fingers. The muddy walls of trenches became hard as bricks, and any food and water became almost impossible to eat. The standard cold-weather protection issued to soldiers was the so-called trench coat....

Gas masks for babies tested at an English hospital, 1940. The hospital is running a drill to make sure that they can implement the procedures for poison gas and in this case, the nurses are testing out infant gas masks. This gas mask was for children up to two years old and the design covered the whole of the baby except for its legs. The photo is part of the Imperial War Museum in London and the original caption reads: “Three nurses carry babies cocooned in baby gas respirators down the corridor of a London hospital during a gas drill....

A German soldier returns home to Frankfurt am Main after the end of the War, 1946. The photo of a German prisoner of war returning to his hometown of Frankfurt to discover his house bombed and his family no longer there, shows the kind the depressing moments of dejected subjects we associate with images of war. No stranger to scenes of despair, the photographer Tony Vaccaro caught the defeated man in the throes of grief, as the bombed shells of former houses loom eerily behind him....

These images, taken between the turn of the 20th century and the 1950s, show how student housing in the US has changed over the past hundred or so years. Why is living on campus so prevalent in the United States, and how do the designs of residence halls reflect American educational and societal ideals? Carla Yanni addresses these questions in Living on Campus , a history of purpose-built structures intended to house students on American campuses....

In 1933, King Kong captivated audiences with its groundbreaking special effects and compelling storytelling. This article takes you behind the scenes, revealing the backstory and the meticulous work and creativity involved in making this classic horror film. Starring Fay Wray, Robert Armstrong, and Bruce Cabot, the film tells the story of a giant ape named Kong who becomes infatuated with a beautiful young woman offered to him as a sacrifice....

When the television series “Wonder Woman” premiered in 1975, Lynda Carter instantly became a household name. Carter’s stunning beauty, combined with her commanding presence, brought an unparalleled sense of strength and grace to the character. One of the defining aspects of Lynda Carter’s portrayal was her ability to embody both the power and compassion of Wonder Woman. With her piercing blue eyes and lustrous dark hair, Carter exuded an air of confidence and determination....

Machining a Space Shuttle Main Engine injector, 1977. A workman reams holes to the proper size and alignment in the Space Shuttle Main Engine’s main injector body, through which propellants will pass through on their way into the engine’s combustion chamber. Rockwell International’s Rocketdyne Division plant produced the engines under contract to the Marshall Space Flight Center. Not only does this image give us a glimpse into NASA’s past, but it also illustrates just how far machining technology has come over the past four decades....

In the mid-1980s, as personal computers began slowly making their way into households and offices across Yugoslavia, a new magazine appeared on newsstands: Računari. Launched in 1984, its name simply translated to “computers” in Bosnian, and its pages were filled with what one might expect from a technical publication of the era—dense articles, programming tips, hardware specifications, and software reviews. It was informative, but hardly exciting. Yet, what set Računari apart from other dry, tech-focused magazines of its time was not the content within its pages, but the bold choice made for its covers....

The Trinity explosion, 16 ms after detonation. The viewed hemisphere’s highest point in this image is about 200 meters (660 ft) high. On July 16, 1945, the United States became the first country to successfully detonate an atomic weapon, signaling the beginning of a new era in warfare and in politics. In the early 1940s, the U.S. government authorized a top-secret program of nuclear testing and development, codenamed “The Manhattan Project”....

The Reichstag in flames, 1933. The Reichstag fire came amid “a campaign of unparalleled violence and bitterness” by then-Chancellor Adolf Hitler, in advance of an approaching German election, and it turned a building that was “as famous through Germany as is the dome of the Capitol in Washington among U. S. citizens” into “a glowing hodge-podge of incandescent girders”. The fire started in the Reichstag building, the assembly location of the German Parliament....

Skijoring in Norway, 1909. For hundreds of years, Sami people harnessed reindeer and strapped on Nordic skis as a way to travel across vast snowy expanses. Skijoring (“ski driving”) is still popular in all Scandinavian countries. Reindeer races are still held in Tromso, Norway; Inari, Finland; and Nadym, Russia. By 1912, skijoring behind horses was a popular activity in Switzerland and France. From its roots in Europe, equine skijoring found its way to North America....

On January 30, 1864, Harper’s Weekly started to publish portraits of children captioned “Emancipated Slaves—White and Colored,” as part of a publicity campaign to raise funds for schools for recently emancipated slaves in New Orleans. The children featured in these photographs drew attention to the fact that slavery was not solely a matter of color. If a child’s mother was a slave, then he or she was a slave as well....

The events of 1942 were crucial in the way that World War Two played out. The first Americans arrived in England in January – ‘Overpaid, oversexed – and in North Africa Field Marshal Erwin Rommel’s Afrika Korps began their counter-offensive, capturing Tobruk in June. The Blitz intensified in both England and Germany, with the first thousand-bomber air raid on Cologne, and the German bombing of British cathedral cities. In the Pacific, the Japanese continued their expansion into Borneo, Java, and Sumatra....

During the 1950s, a distinct and trendy subculture emerged in Britain. Young men of this era embraced a revival of Edwardian fashion, a style that had faded away four decades earlier. These individuals were famously known as “Teddy Boys.” Their distinctive appearance featured meticulously groomed hairstyles, long suit jackets, stylish waistcoats, slim neckties, and narrow trousers. The Teddy Boy aesthetic served as a notable departure from the prevailing atmosphere of postwar austerity and frugality....

Tech history is full of strange moments, but few are as unintentionally hilarious as Microsoft’s 2010 ‘funeral parade.’ Meant to celebrate the launch of Windows Phone 7, the over-the-top spectacle featured hearses, costumes, and a mock burial of the iPhone and BlackBerry. What was supposed to be a cheeky victory lap ended up looking more like a comedy skit—and a reminder of just how wrong predictions can be. That year, Microsoft was preparing to launch its long-awaited Windows Phone 7, the mobile operating system that executives believed could finally challenge Apple’s iPhone and BlackBerry’s once-dominant handsets....

A view of part of the South Water Street freight depot of the Illinois Central Railroad and buildings in downtown Chicago on May 1, 1943. In 1942 and 1943, the Farm Security Administration photographer Jack Delano spent time in the rail yards of Chicago, documenting the busy freight hub and the workers’ everyday life. The photographs were made on Kodachrome color transparencies creating vibrant and extra colorful shots. More lines of track radiate in more directions from Chicago than from any other city in the United States....